Shape Your Body Image: Implementing Embodied Learning for Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32043/jimtlt.v4i1.137Parole chiave:
immagine corporea, disordine dismorfico del corpo, embodied learning, intervento educativo, bambiniAbstract
La presente ricerca azione mira a promuovere lo sviluppo di un'immagine corporea positiva in un campione di bambini di età compresa tra 9 e 11 anni presso una scuola primaria di Cassino, Italia. Utilizzando un approccio metodologico misto, il progetto prevede una fase iniziale di raccolta dati mediante il questionario standardizzato BIDQ e focus group per valutare la percezione corporea dei partecipanti. I principali temi affrontati nei focus group includono l'immagine corporea, le differenze di genere nell'immagine corporea, i cambiamenti del corpo nel corso del tempo, il corpo vissuto e il corpo percepito, la dismorfia corporea. Successivamente, si implementerà un intervento educativo basato sull'embodied learning, volto a favorire una migliore comprensione e accettazione del proprio corpo. Infine, si condurrà una raccolta dati finale tramite una seconda somministrazione del questionario BIDQ e focus group per valutare l'efficacia dell'intervento educativo e verificare eventuali cambiamenti nella percezione corporea dei bambini. L'obiettivo è quello di fornire evidenze empiriche utili per sviluppare strategie educative mirate a promuovere lo sviluppo di un’immagine corporea positiva fin dall’infanzia, periodo vulnerabile per lo sviluppo di quest’ultima.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Aartun, I., Walseth, K., Standal, Ø. F., & Kirk, D. (2022). Pedagogies of embodiment in physical education – a literature review. Sport, Education and Society, 27(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2020.1821182
Aravind, V., & Krishnaram, V. (2006). Body dysmorphic disorder, dysmorphophobia or delusional disorder-somatic subtype? Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(4), 260. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.31561
Arım, R. G., Dahinten, V. S., Marshall, S. K., & Shapka, J. D. (2011). An Examination of the Reciprocal Relationships Between Adolescents’ Aggressive Behaviors and Their Perceptions of Parental Nurturance. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(2), 207–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-009-9493-x
Baker, G., & Morris, K. (2005). Descartes’ Dualism. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203983638
Burke, N. L., Schaefer, L. M., & Thompson, J. K. (2012). Body Image. In Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (pp. 365–371). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00066-5
Burychka, D., Miragall, M., & Baños, R. M. (2021). Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of Body Image: Integrating Positive Body Image, Embodiment and Self-Compassion. Psychologica Belgica, 61(1), 248–261. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.1057
Byrne, L. (2012). Neuroscientific Perspectives on Body Image. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 568–573). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384925-0.00089-4.
Cash, T. F. (2012). Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives on Body Image. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 334–342). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384925-0.00054-7
Cash, T. F., Phillips, K. A., Santos, M. T., & Hrabosky, J. I. (2004a). Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ). APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/t20989-000
Cash, T. F., Phillips, K. A., Santos, M. T., & Hrabosky, J. I. (2004b). Measuring “negative body image”: validation of the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire in a nonclinical population. Body Image, 1(4), 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.10.001
Cash, T. F., & Smolak, L. (2011). Body image: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention (second edition). In G. Press (Ed.), Journal of gerontological nursing (2nd ed., Vol. 4, Issue 4).
Confalonieri, E., Gatti, E., Ionio, C., & Traficante, D. (2008). Body esteem scale: A validation on Italian adolescents. TPM - Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 15(3), 153–165.
Damiano, S. R., Paxton, S. J., Wertheim, E. H., McLean, S. A., & Gregg, K. J. (2015). Dietary restraint of 5‐year‐old girls: Associations with internalization of the thin ideal and maternal, media, and peer influences. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(8), 1166–1169. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22432
Davison, K. K., & Birch, L. L. (2002). Processes linking weight status and self-concept among girls from ages 5 to 7 years. Developmental Psychology, 38(5), 735–748. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.38.5.735
Digennaro, S., & Iannaccone, A. (2023a). Being a docile body: the effects on preadolescents of the social restrictions imposed during COVID-19. Contemporary Social Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2022.2162571
Digennaro, S., & Iannaccone, A. (2023b). Check Your Likes but Move Your Body! How the Use of Social Media Is Influencing Pre-Teens Body and the Role of Active Lifestyles. Sustainability, 15(4), 3046. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043046
Dufresne, R. G., Phillips, K. A., Vittorio, C. C., & Wilkel, C. S. (2001). A Screening Questionnaire for Body Dysmorphic Disorder in a Cosmetic Dermatologic Surgery Practice. Dermatologic Surgery, 27(5), 457–462. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.00190.x
Elizabeth, D. X., Hughes, K., Ph, D., Mundy, K., Ph, D., Susan, D. X., Sawyer, M., Patton, C., & Ph, D. (2018). Body Image Dissatisfaction and the Adrenarchal Transition. Journal of Adolescent Health, 000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.05.025
Feusner, J. D., Townsend, J., Bystritsky, A., & Bookheimer, S. (2007). Visual Information Processing of Faces in Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(12), 1417. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.12.1417
Fischetti, F., Latino, F., Cataldi, S., & Greco, G. (2020). Gender differences in body image dissatisfaction: The role of physical education and sport. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.152.01
Floridi, L. (2015). The onlife manifesto: Being human in a hyperconnected era. In L. Floridi (Ed.), The Onlife Manifesto: Being Human in a Hyperconnected Era. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04093-6
França, K., Roccia, M. G., Castillo, D., ALHarbi, M., Tchernev, G., Chokoeva, A., Lotti, T., & Fioranelli, M. (2017). Body dysmorphic disorder: history and curiosities. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 167(S1), 5–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-017-0544-8
Hargreaves, D. A., & Tiggemann, M. (2004). Idealized media images and adolescent body image: “comparing” boys and girls. Body Image, 1(4), 351–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.10.002
Henriques, M., & Patnaik, D. (2021). Social Media and Its Effects on Beauty. In Beauty - Cosmetic Science, Cultural Issues and Creative Developments. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93322
Husserl, E. (1990). Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy -- Second Book: Studies in the Phenomenology of Constitution. Springer.
Jiotsa, B., Naccache, B., Duval, M., Rocher, B., & Grall-Bronnec, M. (2021). Social Media Use and Body Image Disorders: Association between Frequency of Comparing One’s Own Physical Appearance to That of People Being Followed on Social Media and Body Dissatisfaction and Drive for Thinness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 2880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062880
Kosmas, P., Ioannou, A., & Zaphiris, P. (2019). Implementing embodied learning in the classroom: effects on children’s memory and language skills. Educational Media International, 56(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2018.1547948
Merleau-Ponty, M. (2013). Phenomenology of perception. In Routledge (Ed.), Phenomenology of Perception. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203720714
Mitchell, D. (2017). Body Dysmorphia and the Phenomenology of Embodiment. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 48(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071773.2016.1181366
Nicewicz HR, Torrico TJ, Boutrouille JF. Body Dysmorphic Disorder. 2024 Jan 20. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID:32310361.
Nichols, T. E., Damiano, S. R., Gregg, K., Wertheim, E. H., & Paxton, S. J. (2018). Psychological predictors of body image attitudes and concerns in young children. Body Image, 27, 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.08.005
Papageorgiou, A., Fisher, C., & Cross, D. (2022). “Why don’t I look like her?” How adolescent girls view social media and its connection to body image. BMC Women’s Health, 22(1), 261. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01845-4
Paxton, S. J., & Damiano, S. R. (2017). The Development of Body Image and Weight Bias in Childhood (pp. 269–298). https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acdb.2016.10.006
Pedalino, F., & Camerini, A.-L. (2022). Instagram Use and Body Dissatisfaction: The Mediating Role of Upward Social Comparison with Peers and Influencers among Young Females. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031543
Phillips, K. A. (2012). Body Dysmorphic Disorder. In Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (pp. 74–81). Elsevier.
Phillips, K. A., & Kelly, M. M. (2021). Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Clinical Overview and Relationship to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. FOCUS, 19(4), 413–419. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20210012
Smolak, L. E., & Thompson, J. (2009). Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth: Assessment, prevention, and treatment (pp. xiii-389). American Psychological Association.
Spiel, E. C., Paxton, S. J., & Yager, Z. (2012). Weight attitudes in 3- to 5-year-old children: Age differences and cross-sectional predictors. Body Image, 9(4), 524–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.07.006
Tort-Nasarre, G., Pollina-Pocallet, M., Ferrer Suquet, Y., Ortega Bravo, M., Vilafranca Cartagena, M., & Artigues-Barberà, E. (2023). Positive body image: a qualitative study on the successful experiences of adolescents, teachers and parents. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2023.2170007
van den Berg, P., Thompson, J. K., Obremski-Brandon, K., & Coovert, M. (2002). The Tripartite Influence model of body image and eating disturbance. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(5), 1007–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00499-3
Whitehead, M. (2019). Definition of physical literacy. In Physical Literacy across the World (pp. 8–18). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203702697-2
##submission.downloads##
Pubblicato
Come citare
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
Copyright (c) 2024 Angela Visocchi, Pierluigi Faella, Simone Digennaro
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale.
